Assessment of the genetic diversity of onion cultivars (Allium cepa, Amaryllidaceae) collected in southern Benin

Agbo, Relique Ignace; Missihoun, Antoine Abel; Montcho, David; Kpanou, Lauriano; Sedah, Paulin; Avohou, Germaine; Djedatin, Gustave Lambert; Agbangla, Clément

doi:10.22058/jpmb.2024.2024966.1299

Assessment of the genetic diversity of onion cultivars (Allium cepa, Amaryllidaceae) collected in southern Benin

Document Type : Original research paper

Authors

Relique Ignace Agbo ¹

Antoine Abel Missihoun ¹

David Montcho ²

Lauriano Kpanou ³

Paulin Sedah ¹

Germaine Avohou ¹

Gustave Lambert Djedatin ³

Clément Agbangla ¹

¹ Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 526 Cotonou, Benin

² School of Plant and Seed Management and Production, National University of Agriculture, BP 43 Kétou, Benin

³ National School of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Applications, National University of Science, Technologies Engineering and Mathematics, BP 14 Dassa-Zoumé

10.22058/jpmb.2024.2024966.1299

Abstract

Onion is one of the widely consumed vegetables in most food preparations. The present study aims to evaluate the genetic diversity of onion cultivars in southern Benin in 2023. DNA isolation of the fourteen (14) morphotypes collected was carried out using the CTAB protocol and amplified by PCR using five RAPD markers. The observed polymorphism rate was 100%. A total of 35 alleles were scored with an average of 7 per locus. The Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) of loci varies from 0.734 to 0.806 with an average of 0.784. The loci OPA08 (Na = 8 alleles, PIC = 0.806) was the most polymorphic and the most discriminating. OPB08 (Na = 6 alleles, PIC = 0.734) was the least polymorphic and the discriminating loci. The rate of rare alleles was Ra = 31.42%. The lowest genetic distance (D = 0.09) was observed between PVOV and PVAL but the highest (D = 0.94) was between FPAL and BQOV genotypes. The dendrogram classified the morphotypes into four genetic groups with a dissimilarity coefficient of 40% confirmed by the Principal Coordinate Analysis. These results are globally significant for the definition of strategies for the improvement, conservation and sustainable use of onion genetic resources in Benin.

Keywords

Allium cepa

Genetic differentiation

RAPD marker

Genetic group

Benin

Subjects

Plant biodiversity and genetic resources

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